Eukaryotic transcription factors are critical in gene regulation, binding specific DNA sequences in gene promoters or enhancers and activating or repressing gene transcription. Transcription factors can be categorized into several major classes based on their structural and functional features. Such classes include: 1) Basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) Proteins. bHLH transcription factors contain two alpha helices separated by a loop region. They often form dimers through interactions between the helices. bHLH proteins are involved in regulating various cellular processes, including cell differentiation and development. Notable examples include MyoD, involved in muscle differentiation, and Myc, involved in cell growth and proliferation; 2) Zinc Finger Proteins. Zinc finger transcription factors have zinc ions coordinated by cysteine and histidine residues, forming a finger-like structure. They can have multiple zinc fingers and play diverse roles in gene regulation. Examples include Sp1 and GATA-1, the latter involved in erythroid cell differentiation; 3) Helix-Turn-Helix (HTH) Proteins. HTH transcription factors have two alpha helices separated by a turn. They bind DNA sequences via the recognition helix. HTH proteins are involved in regulating gene expression during development and cell differentiation. The homeodomain containing HTH proteins, such as the HOX genes, play critical roles in specifying body segment identity in animals; 4) Leucine Zipper (bZIP) Proteins. bZIP transcription factors have a basic region for DNA binding and a leucine zipper region for dimerization. bZIP proteins regulate genes involved in cellular responses to environmental cues and stress. Examples include c-Jun and c-Fos, which form the AP-1 complex and respond to various stimuli; 5) Nuclear Receptors. Nuclear receptors are a family of transcription factors that have a DNA-binding domain and a ligand-binding domain. They are activated by binding to specific hormones or small molecules. Nuclear receptors regulate genes involved in metabolism, development, and immune responses. Examples include the estrogen receptor (ER), which responds to estrogen, and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which responds to cortisol; 6) Steroid Hormone Receptors. Steroid hormone receptors are a subset of nuclear receptors that respond to steroid hormones. They have a DNA-binding domain and a ligand-binding domain. Steroid hormone receptors regulate genes involved in processes such as sexual development, immune function, and metabolism. Examples include the androgen receptor (AR), which responds to androgens, and the progesterone receptor (PR), which responds to progesterone; 7) Winged Helix (Forkhead) Proteins. Winged helix transcription factors, also known as Forkhead proteins, have a characteristic winged helix DNA-binding domain. Forkhead proteins are involved in various cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, metabolism, and longevity. Examples include FOXO3, implicated in longevity regulation, and FOXA2, involved in liver development; 8) Heterodimeric Transcription Factors. Heterodimeric transcription factors consist of two different subunits that form a complex. An example is NF-κB, which consists of subunits from the Rel family and which regulates immune and inflammatory responses; 10) Homeodomain Proteins. Homeodomain transcription factors have a DNA-binding domain called the homeodomain, which is characterized by a helix-turn-helix structure. Homeodomain proteins are crucial for development and pattern formation. The HOX genes, a subset of homeodomain proteins, specify body segment identity in animals. We offer a comprehensive product catalogue of research tools for studying eukaryotic transcription factors, including c-Myc antibodies, c-Jun antibodies, CREB antibodies, c-Jun ELISA Kits, and CREB + CREM ELISA Kits. Explore our full eukaryotic transcription factors product range below and discover more, for less.