Anticorpi Collagen IV

Type IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a 'chicken-wire' meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen.

This gene encodes a type IV collagen alpha protein. Type IV collagen proteins are integral components of basement membranes. This gene shares a bidirectional promoter with a paralogous gene on the opposite strand. The protein consists of an amino-terminal 7S domain, a triple-helix forming collagenous domain, and a carboxy-terminal non-collagenous domain. It functions as part of a heterotrimer and interacts with other extracellular matrix components such as perlecans, proteoglycans, and laminins. In addition, proteolytic cleavage of the non-collagenous carboxy-terminal domain results in a biologically active fragment known as arresten, which has anti-angiogenic and tumor suppressor properties. Mutations in this gene cause porencephaly, cerebrovascular disease, and renal and muscular defects. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Highly expressed in placenta.

Hereditary angiopathy with nephropathy aneurysms and muscle cramps: The clinical renal manifestations include hematuria and bilateral large cysts. Histologic analysis revealed complex basement membrane defects in kidney and skin. The systemic angiopathy appears to affect both small vessels and large arteries.

Brain small vessel disease 1 with or without ocular anomalies: An autosomal dominant cerebrovascular disorder with variable manifestations reflecting the location and severity of the vascular defect. BSVD1 features include cerebral hemorrage, unilateral fluid-filled cysts or cavities within the cerebral hemispheres, leukoencephalopathy, hemiplegia, seizures, intellectual disability, and facial paresis. Affected individuals may manifest variable visual defects and ocular anomalies.

Intracerebral hemorrhage: A pathological condition characterized by bleeding into one or both cerebral hemispheres including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex. It is often associated with hypertension and craniocerebral trauma. Intracerebral bleeding is a common cause of stroke.

Tortuosity of retinal arteries: A disease characterized by marked tortuosity of second- and third-order retinal arteries with normal first-order arteries and venous system. Most patients manifest variable degrees of symptomatic transient vision loss due to retinal hemorrhage following minor stress or trauma.

Schizencephaly: Extremely rare human congenital disorder characterized by a full-thickness cleft within the cerebral hemispheres. These clefts are lined with gray matter and most commonly involve the parasylvian regions. Large portions of the cerebral hemispheres may be absent and replaced by cerebro-spinal fluid.

Microangiopathy and leukoencephalopathy, pontine, autosomal dominant: A form of cerebral small vessel disease characterized by the recurrence of ischemic strokes starting in the thirties or forties, and associated with progressive imbalance and cognitive impairment. MRI examination shows ischemic lacunas in the pons and cerebral hemispheres, and diffuse leukoencephalopathy affecting various brain regions.

Belongs to the type IV collagen family.

Lysines at the third position of the tripeptide repeating unit (G-X-Y) are hydroxylated. The modified lysines can be O-glycosylated.

Secreted > Extracellular space > Extracellular matrix > Basement membrane.