Anticorps PIWIL1

Endoribonuclease that plays a central role in postnatal germ cells by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity. Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons. Directly binds methylated piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer-independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements. Strongly prefers a uridine in the first position of their guide (g1U preference, also named 1U-bias). Not involved in the piRNA amplification loop, also named ping-pong amplification cycle. Acts as an endoribonuclease that cleaves transposon messenger RNAs. Besides their function in transposable elements repression, piRNAs are probably involved in other processes during meiosis such as translation regulation. Probable component of some RISC complex, which mediates RNA cleavage and translational silencing. Also plays a role in the formation of chromatoid bodies and is required for some miRNAs stability. Required to sequester RNF8 in the cytoplasm until late spermatogenesis; RNF8 being released upon ubiquitination and degradation of PIWIL1.

This gene encodes a member of the PIWI subfamily of Argonaute proteins, evolutionarily conserved proteins containing both PAZ and Piwi motifs that play important roles in stem cell self-renewal, RNA silencing, and translational regulation in diverse organisms. The encoded protein may play a role as an intrinsic regulator of the self-renewal capacity of germline and hematopoietic stem cells. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Expressed in spermatocytes and spermatids. Also detected in prostate cancer (at protein level). Detected in most fetal and adult tissues. Expressed in testes, specifically in germline cells; detected in spermatocytes and spermatids during spermatogenesis. Increased expression in testicular tumors originating from embryonic germ cells with retention of germ cells phenotype. No expression in testicular tumors of somatic origin, such as Sertoli cell and Leydig cell tumors. Overexpressed in gastric cancer cells. Isoform 3: Ubiquitously expressed, and specifically in CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells but not in more differentiated cells.

Belongs to the argonaute family. Piwi subfamily.

Arginine methylation by PRMT5 is required for the interaction with Tudor domain-containing protein (TDRD1, TDRKH/TDRD2, RNF17/TDRD4, TDRD6, TDRD7 and TDRD9) and subsequent localization to the meiotic nuage, also named P granule.

Cytoplasm.

Component of the meiotic nuage, also named P granule, a germ-cell-specific organelle required to repress transposon activity during meiosis. Also present in chromatoid body.