Anticorps ICOS

Enhances all basic T-cell responses to a foreign antigen, namely proliferation, secretion of lymphokines, up-regulation of molecules that mediate cell-cell interaction, and effective help for antibody secretion by B-cells. Essential both for efficient interaction between T and B-cells and for normal antibody responses to T-cell dependent antigens. Does not up-regulate the production of interleukin-2, but superinduces the synthesis of interleukin-10. Prevents the apoptosis of pre-activated T-cells. Plays a critical role in CD40-mediated class switching of immunoglobin isotypes (By similarity).

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the CD28 and CTLA-4 cell-surface receptor family. It forms homodimers and plays an important role in cell-cell signaling, immune responses, and regulation of cell proliferation.

Activated T-cells. Highly expressed on tonsillar T-cells, which are closely associated with B-cells in the apical light zone of germinal centers, the site of terminal B-cell maturation. Expressed at lower levels in thymus, lung, lymph node and peripheral blood leukocytes. Expressed in the medulla of fetal and newborn thymus.

Immunodeficiency, common variable, 1: A primary immunodeficiency characterized by antibody deficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections and an inability to mount an antibody response to antigen. The defect results from a failure of B-cell differentiation and impaired secretion of immunoglobulins; the numbers of circulating B-cells is usually in the normal range, but can be low.

N-glycosylated.

Cell membrane.