Anti-USH2A Antikörper

Involved in hearing and vision as member of the USH2 complex. In the inner ear, required for the maintenance of the hair bundle ankle formation, which connects growing stereocilia in developing cochlear hair cells. In retina photoreceptors, the USH2 complex is required for the maintenance of periciliary membrane complex that seems to play a role in regulating intracellular protein transport.

This gene encodes a protein that contains laminin EGF motifs, a pentaxin domain, and many fibronectin type III motifs. The protein is found in the basement membrane, and may be important in development and homeostasis of the inner ear and retina. Mutations within this gene have been associated with Usher syndrome type IIa and retinitis pigmentosa. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Present in the basement membrane of many, but not all tissues. Expressed in retina, cochlea, small and large intestine, pancreas, bladder, prostate, esophagus, trachea, thymus, salivary glands, placenta, ovary, fallopian tube, uterus and testis. Absent in many other tissues such as heart, lung, liver, kidney and brain. In the retina, it is present in the basement membranes in the Bruch's layer choroid capillary basement membranes, where it localizes just beneath the retinal pigment epithelial cells (at protein level). Weakly expressed. Isoform 2 is expressed in fetal eye, cochlea and heart, and at very low level in brain, CNS, intestine, skeleton, tongue, kidney and lung. Isoform 2 is not expressed in stomach and liver. In adult tissues, isoform 2 is expressed in neural retina and testis, and at low level in brain, heart, kidney and liver. Isoform 1 displays a similar pattern of expression but is expressed at very low level in fetal cochlea.

Usher syndrome 2A: USH is a genetically heterogeneous condition characterized by the association of retinitis pigmentosa with sensorineural deafness. Age at onset and differences in auditory and vestibular function distinguish Usher syndrome type 1 (USH1), Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) and Usher syndrome type 3 (USH3). USH2 is characterized by congenital mild hearing impairment with normal vestibular responses.

Retinitis pigmentosa 39: A retinal dystrophy belonging to the group of pigmentary retinopathies. Retinitis pigmentosa is characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination and primary loss of rod photoreceptor cells followed by secondary loss of cone photoreceptors. Patients typically have night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual field. As their condition progresses, they lose their far peripheral visual field and eventually central vision as well.

Cell projection > Stereocilium membrane.

Component of the interstereocilia ankle links in the inner ear sensory cells. In photoreceptors, localizes at a plasma membrane microdomain in the apical inner segment taht surrounds the connecting cilia called periciliary membrane complex.