TORC2 ist ein Gen, das durch das Symbol CRTC2 kodiert wird. Es ist auch bekannt als: CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2; Transducer of regulated cAMP response element-binding protein 2; TORC-2; CRTC2. TORC2 hat eine Masse von 73.3kDa und eine Aminosäurelänge von 693.
Wir bieten 12 antikörper gegen TORC2, aufgewachsen in Kaninchen und Ziege, welche geeignet sind für WB, IHC, ELISA, ICC/IF, FC and IP mit Proben abgeleitet von Human, Maus und Ratte.
Gen- und Proteininformationen
UniProt Zusammenfassung
Transcriptional coactivator for CREB1 which activates transcription through both consensus and variant cAMP response element (CRE) sites. Acts as a coactivator, in the SIK/TORC signaling pathway, being active when dephosphorylated and acts independently of CREB1 'Ser-133' phosphorylation. Enhances the interaction of CREB1 with TAF4. Regulates gluconeogenesis as a component of the LKB1/AMPK/TORC2 signaling pathway. Regulates the expression of specific genes such as the steroidogenic gene, StAR. Potent coactivator of PPARGC1A and inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle cells. Also coactivator for TAX activation of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) long terminal repeats (LTR).
Entrez Zusammenfassung
This gene encodes a member of the transducers of regulated cAMP response element-binding protein activity family of transcription coactivators. These proteins promote the transcription of genes targeted by the cAMP response element-binding protein, and therefore play an important role in many cellular processes. Under basal conditions the encoded protein is phosphorylated by AMP-activated protein kinase or the salt-inducible kinases and is sequestered in the cytoplasm. Upon activation by elevated cAMP or calcium, the encoded protein translocates to the nucleus and increases target gene expression. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in this gene may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. A pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 5.
Gewebespezifität
Most abundantly expressed in the thymus. Present in both B and T-lymphocytes. Highly expressed in HEK293T cells and in insulinomas. High levels also in spleen, ovary, muscle and lung, with highest levels in muscle. Lower levels found in brain, colon, heart, kidney, prostate, small intestine and stomach. Weak expression in liver and pancreas.
Sequenzähnlichkeiten
Belongs to the TORC family.
Posttranslationale Modifikation
Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation states of Ser-171 are required for regulating transduction of CREB activity (PubMed:15589160, PubMed:17210223). CRTCs/TORCs are inactive when phosphorylated, and active when dephosphorylated at this site (PubMed:17210223). This primary site of phosphorylation, is regulated by cAMP and calcium levels and is dependent on the phosphorylation of SIKs (SIK1 and SIK2) by LKB1 (PubMed:15454081, PubMed:16817901). Following adenylyl cyclase activation, dephosphorylated at Ser-171 by PPP3CA/calcineurin A resulting in CRTC2 dissociation from 14-3-3 proteins and PPP3CA (By similarity). Both insulin and AMPK increase this phosphorylation of CRTC2 while glucagon suppresses it (PubMed:15454081). Phosphorylation at Ser-274 by MARK2 is induced under low glucose conditions and dephosphorylated in response to glucose influx (PubMed:18626018). Phosphorylation at Ser-274 promotes interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and translocation to the cytoplasm (PubMed:18626018).
Zellort
Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
Translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm on interaction of the phosphorylated form with 14-3-3 protein (PubMed:15454081). In response to cAMP levels and glucagon, relocated to the nucleus (PubMed:15454081).
