Anti-Carbonic Anhydrase II Antikörper

Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye. Contributes to intracellular pH regulation in the duodenal upper villous epithelium during proton-coupled peptide absorption. Stimulates the chloride-bicarbonate exchange activity of SLC26A6.

The protein encoded by this gene is one of several isozymes of carbonic anhydrase, which catalyzes reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Defects in this enzyme are associated with osteopetrosis and renal tubular acidosis. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Osteopetrosis, autosomal recessive 3: A rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. Osteopetrosis occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Recessive osteopetrosis commonly manifests in early infancy with macrocephaly, feeding difficulties, evolving blindness and deafness, bone marrow failure, severe anemia, and hepatosplenomegaly. Deafness and blindness are generally thought to represent effects of pressure on nerves. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.

Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.

Cytoplasm. Cell membrane.

Colocalized with SLC26A6 at the surface of the cell membrane in order to form a bicarbonate transport metabolon. Displaced from the cytosolic surface of the cell membrane by PKC in phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced cells.