High quality and optimized ELISA kits and matched antibody pairs allow you to detect and measure target proteins in a wide range of sample types, including plasma, serum, and cell culture supernatant, and with samples from a wide range of species, including human, mouse, and rat. ELISA kits provide reliable performance, enabling you to generate reproducible results throughout a project, and between researchers and sample types.
We offer over 13,000 standard ELISA kits for the quantification and quantitation of more than 5,000 target proteins in samples from human, mouse, rat, bovine, porcine, rabbit, canine, chicken, hamster, and many other species. We also offer over 500 cellular and biochemical assays for detecting and quantifying cellular processes involved in apoptosis, autophagy, cell signalling, metabolism, and more.
Allergies are immune responses to normally non-harmful substances from our environment, with symptoms ranging from itching and sneezing, to inflammation and anaphylaxis. ELISA kits can be used for the rapid quantification of allergen concentration and to detect the cellular receptors and effectors involved in allergic reactions.
Atherosclerosis is the potentially harmful build-up of fats, cholesterol, and calcified substances into plaques on the inner wall of arteries. This build up of plaque can narrow the arteries and restrict blood flow to organs, causing diseases such as ischaemic heart failure. Biomarkers for atherosclerosis and related diseases in the blood or in tissue samples can be used to study and diagnose these conditions.
Chemokines are small, secreted, immune-signalling proteins. They are a subgroup of cytokines, the broad term used to describe immune modulating and signalling molecules, but they are distinguished by their ability to induce chemotaxis (signal-directed movement) in cells, through G-protein coupled receptors. Some are pro-inflammatory, directing immune responses towards an infection, whilst others are used in development and tissue maintenance.
Cytokines are a broad category of cell signalling proteins and glycoproteins, including chemokines, lymphokines, interferons, interleukins, and tumor necrosis factors. They are mostly known as immune-modulators, altering immune cell behaviour and cell migration, but are also produced by and signal to non-immune cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells. They have roles in infection, cancer, inflammation, reproduction, and wound healing.
Growth factors are signalling molecules that promote cell proliferation, and are used in growth, development, and homeostasis of tissue architecture, as well as wound healing, cellular differentiation, and immune responses. They are a largely unrelated group of peptides, proteins, and lipids secreted by cells, defined instead by their common function as intercellular signals promoting cell proliferation.
Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are glycoproteins secreted by or displayed on the cell surface of white blood cells. They contain highly variable regions that enable them to bind particular target molecules with very high specificity. This ability is used in the recognition and destruction of infectious pathogens, as well as other immune recognition processes. The different classes (isotypes) of immunoglobulin directly reflect their structure, but the isotypes also vary in the different cell types that make them, what parts of the immune response they take part in, and their functional effect. Antibodies consist of a heavy chain type (IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM in mammals) and a light chain type (kappa or lambda).
Immuno-oncology is an emerging field in the medical treatment of cancer, where the body’s own immune system is used to inhibit tumor growth and kill the cancer cells. By using antibodies that bind to tumor-specific cell markers and either promote an immune response or downregulate immune inhibition, the immune system can be targeted to the cancer cells.
Microbiology is the study of bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses, and algae; the microscopic life forms. These can be studied for their ability to infect multicellular organisms and cause disease, their use in pharmacology and industry, and their use as research tools to understand fundamental biology.
Neurobiology is the study of the neurons and the glia that make up the nervous system, particularly what their cellular properties are, and how they become specialised into rapid electrical and chemical signalling systems. Our wide range of neurobiology assays covers cytoskeletal components and signalling molecules such as neurotransmitters, their receptors, and associated enzymes.
Oncogenes are genes associated with the disease cancer and with tumor formation, either through their mutation, dysregulation, or over-expression. Oncoproteins are the products of these genes, which can be from a wide variety of protein families, but all contribute to the development of cancer through their misexpression or misfunction. Oncoproteins are studied to understand cancer biology and development, and many are used as tumor markers in diagnosis or research.
Tumor antigens are molecular identifiers of tumor cells that are capable of triggering an immune response. These are molecules produced by the body that are not normally immunoreactive, but may become so due to mutations in their structure, over-expression well above their normal amounts, mis-expression at the wrong developmental stage, or mis-localisation of internal molecules on the surface of the cell. These tumor molecules can also be used in research and diagnostic tests to identify cancerous cells and present an opportunity for precisely targeted treatments.
